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Showing posts with label FLAMBE TROLLEY. Show all posts
Showing posts with label FLAMBE TROLLEY. Show all posts

Friday, January 25, 2019

Types of Services


Types of Service

Silver Service or Platter-to- Plate Service: This type of service is used in fine dining restaurants and sophisticated night clubs. In this type of service the food is put into a dish and appropriately garnished by the chef. The steward then presents the dish to the guest. After the guest’s approval, the steward proceeds to serve the food from the dish onto the guest’s plate using a service spoon and fork.

American Service or Pre-Plated Service: This as the name suggests is pre-plated service wherein the food is portioned and arranged in the plate by the chef in the kitchen. The steward brings the plated food and places it on the table in front of the guest. This type of service is usually carried out in a coffee shop, where the atmosphere is informal.

Buffet Service: This type of service is used in restaurants and banquets where a large number of guests have to be catered to at one time. It is mainly self-service where a variety of dishes are displayed on a large table and there are only a few service staff stationed behind the table in order to assist the guest, if needed. The guest helps himself to a plate and cutlery which is placed at one end of the buffet table. The guest then proceeds to help himself to the food or requests the service staff to assist him. The guest then returns to his table to sit down and eat.

English Service: In this form of service the food is brought from the kitchen in dishes by the steward and presented to the host for his approval. After the approval is obtained the steward places the dishes on the table. The host then portions out the food and serves it to his guests.

French Service: This service involves minimal use of the steward’s skills. The steward brings the food in dishes from the kitchen and places the dishes on the table. He then places the plates on the table next to the dishes. The guests then proceed to help themselves.

Grill Room Service: This form of service calls for the food, mainly meats and poultry, to be grilled in front of the guest. The meats or poultry are displayed and grilled behind a glass partition, so that the guest can select his choice of cut and watch it being cooked. The food is then pre-plated from the kitchen and sent to the guest.

Room Service: This is a unique type of service where a guest places his order for food and beverage, on the telephone. The steward/waiter then delivers the food to the guest in his room and ensures that the guest settles the bill. No actual service of food and beverage is done by the steward/waiter unless requested for by the guest.

Gueridon Service: This is a service where a single dish or a complete meal is cooked at the guest’s table in the restaurant. Generally, the dish is partially cooked in the kitchen and the process is completed at the table. The cooking is done on a Gueridon trolley which is a mobile trolley with a portable gas cylinder, gas burner and other essential equipment. The steward exhibits a lot of showmanship and dexterity, as he has to carve, flambé and prepare food in the presence of all the guests in the restaurant.

Snack-bar Service or Counter Service: In this service, tall stools are placed at a counter, and covers are laid on the counter, so that guests can eat their food at the counter itself. The guest can choose from food items listed on the menu card.

Cafeteria Service: All hotels have cafeterias for staff where this type of food service is carried out. The food is displayed behind the counter. The staff member indicates his choice to the counter attendant. The food is then served pre-plated and the cutlery is handed over to the staff. The staff may then sit at the tables provided for eating.



Misen

‘Mise-en-place’ means ‘putting in place’ and the term is attributed to the preparation of the restaurant for ultimate smooth service. To ensure that the restaurant is ready for service, the waiter makes sure that his station has been efficiently prepared for service. A ‘station’ is a section of a restaurant which comprises of a given number of tables which are attended to by a specific team of stewards/waiters. A ‘station’ is headed by a ‘Captain’.

‘Mise-en-scene’ commonly refers to preparing the environment of the restaurant in order to make it pleasant, comfortable, safe and hygienic. Before each service session, the restaurant should be made presentable enough to accept guests.

Saturday, March 4, 2017

Gueridon Service - Trolley Service


Gueridon Service Gueridon Service is a term used in the restaurant business to refer to "trolley service." Food is cooked, finished or presented to the guest at a table, from a moveable trolley. Dishes typically served like this include Crepes Suzette, Caesar Salad, Cherries Jubilee, Banana Flambé and Steak Tartar. There are several reasons for Gueridon Service: ensures exact serving temperature and stage for any dishes sensitive to this; turns food into entertainment; creates an atmosphere of sophistication; stimulate demands in other guests for that level of attention. The food being served is usually partially or mostly prepared in the kitchen -- certainly any prep work such as chopping onions, actually cooking crêpes, etc, is done there. The waiter then does the final assembly or cooking on the trolley at the side of the restaurant customer's table. This might involve flambéing an item, or carving it, or tossing a salad. The trolley is equipped with a burner for cooking, that can be powered by gas, electricity or spirits. Some trolleys will have a cold drawer as well. All will have a chopping board and cutlery drawer, and be equipped with the necessary utensils for what the restaurant offers from the trolley. There will also be on the trolley a selection of basic condiments such as mustards, Worcestershire sauce, oil, vinegar, etc. Gueridon Service is less popular now. For it to be practical, restaurant dining rooms have to be less crowded with tables than many are now, to allow enough space between tables for the trolley to move and be positioned. Additionally, dining room staff need to be specially trained in how to finish the dishes being offered. It may also be that restaurant customers got bored with the same typical dishes that were offered, as those dishes lost their novelty over time.


Friday, February 3, 2017

Fratelli Vineyards showcases 29 wines from five countries at the Taste of the World show


Fratelli Vineyards, one of India’s leading producers of premium quality wines, showcased 29 wines from nine wine houses spread across nine countries of the world, at the recently held Taste of the World International wine showcase event held in Delhi. The event held at the Hyatt Regency Delhi, had on offer an extensive array of wines from across the globe, accompaniments including hors d’oeurves, and other enjoyable food. Wine tasting counters were located around the venue featuring a mix of old and new world wines from Australia, France, Italy, Chile, California along with the domestic range of SETTE, VITAE and M/S- Master’s Selection from Fratelli Vineyards. There were a list of new labels added to the Fratelli Vineyards portfolio including JCB a collection of rare numbered wines composed by Jean- Charles Boisset, DeLoach California’s pioneering producer of wine, Cecchi , the Italian leaders in the wine world, Molly Cradle Australia’s boutique wines from some of the most prestigious regions and more. Fratelli Vineyards also displayed its soon to be launched SETTE in Magnum bottles which will be available at premium liquor stores soon. Guests were seen taking pleasure in live jazz performances during the event. Speaking on the successful third edition of Taste of the World, Kapil Sekhri , Director at Fratelli Vineyards said, “Taste of the World is a true indulgence for those that enjoy savouring good wine and food in a contemporary setting. The event has seen a terrific response since 2014, and ever since has been evolving with time. We do have plans to take this one of a kind experience to other cities in India as well.” Presence of Jean- Charles Boisset, proprietor at the Boisset Collection, who is referred to as the James Bond of the wine world, was the main attraction of the Taste of the World show this year. “I am absolutely thrilled to be associated with Fratelli Vineyards and have JCB and DeLoach wines as a part of this prestigious event- Taste of the World. It is a pleasure to see brands from different regions that have significantly contributed to the industry come together,” Boisset said. Source: www.hospitalitybizindia.com

Saturday, March 5, 2016

Leela group scion Amruda Nair starts hospitality brand in Qatar

Amruda Nair, granddaughter of Leela Hotels founder Captain Krishna Nair has recently signed a joint venture with Faisal bin Qassim Al Thani, chairman of Al Sawari Holding to launch Aiana Hotels & Resorts, Nair's own hospitality brand in Qatar. The new joint venture company Aiana Hotels & Resorts L.L.C will be the first Asian-inspired hotel in Qatar and represent a hospitality brand of high-end luxury hotels, resorts and serviced apartments in the Middle East, Indian Sub-Continent and South East Asia. The joint venture brings together the resources and entrepreneurial skills of Al Thani, who is also the chairman Qatari Business Association, with the hospitality expertise of Nair, herself a third generation hotelier. “Given the long standing relationship between Qatar and India, there is great synergy in the similar way that we travel. This is why we want to bring Aiana as a new lifestyle hotel brand to the Middle East and will continue to support Aiana through our ambitious expansion plans for acquisitions in key destinations starting with the property in Doha with many more to follow in Western Europe (London) and US,” Al Thani said at the launch. “With the launch of Aiana Hotels and Resorts, I am delighted to be introducing a brand I am confident will become the preferred choice of travellers seeking authentic and immersive experiences that will stay with them long after they have checked out. I was fortunate to meet Sheikh Faisal who shared my passion for hospitality and supported my dreams and ambitions of creating an Indian brand with a global presence. Our service, design, and operating philosophy is geared to exceed the expectations of a new generation of savvy travellers. We call it Hospitality 2.0,” Nair said. Aaina Hotels will start with a hotel in Doha, Qatar, and has plans to eventually manage five hotels in India and an equal number elsewhere

Tuesday, November 11, 2014

BURGUNDY WINES

Agnès et Marcel Durand Red Wine
strong rubyred color, fruity, light menthol smell, fine tannins, full body
  Agnès et Marcel Durand  Beaujolais-Villages

 Aimée-Claude Bonnetain Red Wine
blue red color, scent of red fruit and spices, well structured, balanced, fruity, long, typical, ...
  Aimée-Claude Bonnetain  Côte de Brouilly

 Alain Chatoux Vieilles vignes Red Wine
clar, dark orange red color, notable scent of red fruit with alcoholic notes, aromas of currant j...
  Alain Chatoux  

 Alain Michaud Red Wine
delicious, deep orange-red color with bright red reflexes, smells of faded roases, spices, coffee...
  Alain Michaud  Brouilly

 André Depardon La Madone Red Wine
dark red color, intense raspberry scent, full, fine, balanced, long flavor, rounded
  André Depardon  Fleurie

 André Méziat Red Wine
clear, intense red color, strong scent of vineyard peaches and cherries, full-bodied, rich, soft,...
  André et Monique Méziat  Chiroubles

 Belvedere des pierres dorées White Wine
shining yellow color, complex scent of rhubarb, and strawberries, lively, open, good composition
  Cave coop. Beaujolaise  

 Bernard Broyer Red Wine
deep ruby red color with purple reflexes, expressive scent with citrusfruit, red fruit, and spice...
  Bernard Broyer  Juliénas

 Bernard Jomain Red Wine
intense red color, almost blue, elegant nuances of black currants, strong, rustic
  Bernard Jomain  Brouilly

 Bernard Lavis Red Wine
intense ruby-red color, smells of fresh red fruit, plants, clear, rounded, soft flavor, full
  Bernard Lavis  Beaujolais-Villages

 Bernard Pichet Red Wine
orange-red color, hints of blossoms and raspberries, youthful, plant aromas, balanced
  Bernard Pichet  Chiroubles

 Bernard Santé Red Wine
delicious orange-red color, strong, concentrated scent of licorice and flowers, very soft, sweet,...
  Bernard Santé  Chénas

 Cave Beaujolaise de Quincié Red Wine
shining, clear, pepper-flowery scent, hints of very ripe grapes, open personality, rounded, long ...
  Cave Beaujolaise de Quincié  Régnié

 Cave de Ponchon Red Wine
clear, lively, fruity flavor, well structured, harmonious, pretty
  Florent Dufour  Régnié


Cave de Saint-Vérand Cuvée réservée Vieilles vignes Red Wine
blue-red color, intense scent of red frui and spring roses, noble, clear, spicy notes, pleasant, ...
  Cave Beaujolaise de Saint-Vérand  


Cave des Vignerons de Bel-Air Red Wine
strong red color, pretty scent of black currants and tobacco, soft flavor with aromas of very rip...
  Cave des Vignerons de Bel-Air  Morgon

 Cave des Vignerons de Liergues Rosé Wine
pretty, clear color with hints of autmn, pleasant scent of red currants and quinces, lively, soft...
  Cave des Vignerons de Liergues  


Cave du Beau Vallon Au pays des pierres dorées Red Wine
blue-red color, alcoholic-fruity scent of black currants and spices, full, rounded, aromas of sto...
  Cave du Beau Vallon  

 Cave du Bois de La Salle Red Wine
clear, sparkling, smells of red currants and raspberries, well balanced, fresh, long, lively tann...
  Cave du Château du Bois de La Salle  Saint-Amour


Cave Jean-Ernest Descombes Red Wine
shining, tempting ruby-red color, intense scent of red fruit and spices, hints of roasted coffee ...
  Cave Jean-Ernest Descombes  Morgon


Cédric Martin White Wine
golden color, copper tone, free scent with cloves, gingerbread, and flowers, elegant apricot nuan...
  Martin Cédric  


Cellier de la Vieille Eglise Red Wine
deep ruby-red color, shimmers amber, bouquet of underwood and spicy fruit, lively, somewhat flesh...
  Cellier de la Vieille Eglise  Juliénas


Château Bonnet Elevé en fût de chêne Vieilles vignes Red Wine
blue-red color, lovely oak hints, vanilla, open
  Pierre Perrachon  Chénas


Château de Belleverne Red Wine
ruby-red color, smells of flowers and red fruit, sharp tannins, balanced
  Sylvie Bataillard  Saint-Amour


Château de Belleverne Red Wine
dark orange-red color, purple reflexes, complex, fine smell of raisins, flintstone, and red fruit...
  Bataillard Père et Fils  Chénas


Château de Chénas Red Wine
medium orange-red color, nuances of black currants and spring roses, warm, soft, well balanced, p...
  Cave Château de Chénas  Chénas


Château de la Prat Red Wine
strong red color, complex, elegant scent of very ripe grapes with mineral, strong, lively, pretty
  Aujoux  Juliénas


Château de Leynes White Wine
golden-yellow color, smells like the vine, good character, soft, harmonious
  Jean Bernard  


Château de Pizay Red Wine
deep orange red color, pretty aromas of red fruit, fine, clear, rich, balanced, delicious, enchan...
  SCEA Domaine Château de Pizay  


Château de Raousset Red Wine
intense ruby-red color with purple reflexes, fine, expressive scent of strawberries and currants,...
  SCEA des Héritiers du Compte de Raousset  Chiroubles


Château de Raousset Red Wine
intense red color, fruity scent, pleasant personality, strong, lasting
  Château de Raousset  Morgon


Château de Vaux Cuvée traditionnelle Red Wine
light ruby-red color, crystal clear reflexes, very pretty scent of fresh grapes, elegant, harmoni...
  Jacques et Marie-Ange de Vermont  Beaujolais-Villages


Château des Boccards Red Wine
intense orange red color, scent of overripe fruit, hunt-, and pepper hins, long lasting, soft, ro...
  James Pelloux  Chénas


Château des Jacques Clos du Grand Carquelin Red Wine
shining orange-red color, strong, wood scent, fruity nuances, hints of roasted coffee, oak wood, ...
  Château des Jacques  Moulin-À-Vent


Château des Ravatys Cuvée Mathilde Courbe Red Wine
light red color, smells of cut wood and underwood, lively, fine, harmonious, long lasting
  Institut Pasteur  Côte de Brouilly


Château du Bluizard Red Wine
intense red color, smells of sour cherries and raspberries, full, well structured, cherry aromas
  SCE des Domaines Saint-Charles  Brouilly


Château du Bourg Cuvée Réserve Red Wine
dark ruby red color, intense, fruity scent, soft, fleshy, aroma of red fruit, pleasant, balanced,...
  GAEC Georges Matray et Fils  Fleurie

BURGUNDY WINES - COTE DE BEAUNE

The Côte de Beaune is the more southerly part of the Côte d'Or. The northernmost tip abuts onto the Côte de Nuits, and the region extends south to the Côte Chalonnaise. The geology is more variable than that of the Côte de Nuits. The region sits on a combination of Callovian, Argovian and Rauracian limestones, with much intervening marlstone. Obviously, the climate is the same as for the Côte de Nuits - continental, with a wide annual temperature difference. Spring rains and frost, and Autumn rains, which may interfere with the harvest, can also be a problem here. The vineyards face south-east on the slope between the plain to the south-east, and the hills to the north-west, the easterly aspect aiding exposure to the sun. 
Pernand-Vergelesses can be a source of some good value Burgundy, but no great wines. Nearby, however, we start to see some of the more serious wines of the Côte de Beaune at Aloxe-Corton. The wines of this village, as well as a number of other villages nearby, are red as well as white. Red Corton should be a muscular, savoury wine, whereas the white is a rich, intense, buttery drink. Beaune, Savigny-les-Beaune and Chorey-les-Beaune are all best known for their red wines. The wines produced here are well fruited, tasty, sometimes quite elegant affairs, although they are somewhat lighter (and less expensive) when from the latter two villages. 
Pommard can make wonderful red Burgundy, well structured and meaty, whereas Volnay is better known for it's heady, perfumed and delicately textured wines.
Towards the southern end of the Côte de Beaune, however, are the Côte d'Or's most famous white wine villages. Meursault produces rich, complex, intense yet elegant wines, but it is Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet that lead the pack. The former bears a wonderful combination of richness with mineral complexities, the latter are sometimes broader and more open, although both are lovely, and words cannot really do them justice. Nearby are the villages of St-Romain, St-Aubin, Santenay and Auxey-Duresses. All are responsible for some value Burgundy. 
The appellations of the Côte de Beaune are as follows:
Grands Crus: As with the Côte de Nuits, such wines are not required to bear the village name. The Grands Crus are as follows:
Aloxe-Corton: Corton (the largest Grand Cru in Burgundy, with a number of subdivisions, eg Corton-Bressandes), Corton-Charlemagne.
Puligny-Montrachet: Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet, Chevalier-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet.
Chassagne-Montrachet: Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet, Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet.
As with the Côtes de Nuits, some vineyards lie in more than one village. Here, the Grands Crus Montrachet and Bâtard-Montrachet lie in both Puligny and Chassagne-Montrachet. Most villages of the Côte de Beaune have no Grands Crus.
Premiers Crus: As with the Côtes de Nuits, these are too numerous to name. As with Chablis and the Côtes de Nuits, a wine blended from several such sites will be labelled as Premier Cru, whereas a wine from an individual vineyard will bear the vineyard name, eg Pommard Premier Cru Les Petits Epenots.
Village Wines: The villages of the Côte de Beaune are Ladoix, Pernand-Vergelesses, Aloxe-Corton, Savigny-lès-Beaune, Chorey-lès-Beaune, Beaune, Pommard, Volnay, Monthelie, St-Romain, Auxey-Duresses, Meursault, Blagny, Puligny-Montrachet, Chassagne-Montrachet, St-Aubin and Santenay. Blagny is a small hamlet close to the Premier Cru vineyards of Meursault.
Sub-Village Appellations: These include Côte de Beaune Villages (may be applied to declassified wine from fourteen villages of the Côte de Beaune not including Aloxe-Corton, Beaune, Volnay or Pommard), Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits (applies to a large number of communes to the west of the Côte d'Or), and basic Bourgogne. There is also the confusing appellation Côte de Beaune, which refers to wines from the commune of Beaune not deemed worthy of the appellation Beaune.
The Côte d'Or - My top wines. As many producers have vineyards in so many different sites, I have grouped together the good names in Burgundy here. This is a personal list (in alphabetical order), so it doesn't include great but hardly affordable domaines such as Romanée-Conti. My list of top estates and producers includes Domaine d'Arlot, Simon Bize, Robert Chevillon, Bruno Clair, Michel Colin-Deléger, Drouhin, René Engel, Faiveley, Jacques Gagnard-Delagrange, Jean-Marc Blain-Gagnard, Richard Fontaine-Gagnard, Jean Grivot, Hudelot-Noëllat, Jadot, Jaffelin, Henri Jayer, Leroy, Méo-Camuzet, Albert Morot, Daniel Rion, Domaine des Perdrix, and Etienne Sauzet. 

BURGUNDY WINES - COTE DE NUIT

The Côte d'Or is divided into two main viticultural regions, the Côte de Nuits being the more northerly of the two. The northernmost tip lies just south of Dijon, and the region extends down to the Côte de Beaune, onto which it abuts. Named after the town of Nuits-St-Georges, it is most widely reknowned for it's red wines, although there are a few worthy white wines made here also. Geologically, the region sits on a combination of Bajocian, Bathonian, Callovian and Argovian limestones, with some Liassic marlstone. The climate is continental, with a wide annual temperature difference. Spring rains and frost can be a problem, as can Autumn rain, which may interfere with the harvest. This is true for the whole Côte d'Or. The vineyards lie on the slope between the plain to the east, and the hills to the west. Soils on the plain, to the east of the N74 (not illustrated), are too fertile for quality wine, and on the hills it is too sparse. The easterly aspect also aids exposure to the sun. 
The most northerly village of note is Marsannay, an up and coming wine region for the production of value Burgundy. Next is Fixin, a village which can produce some good value wines, although they never achieve greatness.
Further south come the villages of the Côte de Nuits that produce some of the great wines of Burgundy. Firstly, Gevrey-Chambertin, which impresses with the combination of its muscular, weighty attitude and paradoxical perfumed edge. Morey-St-Denis is a meaty, intense wine which can be superb, but like many of these famous names overcropping and poor vinification techniques can result in some very weak wines. Chambolle-Musigny may be marked by a wonderful, floral, fragrant bouquet, whereas at Vougeot we have an unusual situation. Much of the wine is classified as Grand Cru as it lies within the walled vineyard of the Clos de Vougeot, but only a small part of this wine is truly of Grand Cru quality. At best it can be a tasty, full-bodied, richly fruited wine, although it is not one of the great Grands Crus.
Flagey-Echézeaux is unusual as it lies to the east of all the other vineyards. The wines can be quite fine. Next is Vosne-Romaneé, a fine set of vineyards which can produce some superb wines. Vosne-Romaneé can have a rich, creamy, sensuous texture, even in the village wines from a good producer. Other than Nuits-St-Georges, there are no other villages of huge significance.
The appellations of the Côte de Nuits are as follows:
Grands Crus: Such wines are not required to bear the village name. Thus wines produced, for example, from the Grand Cru Chambertin Clos de Bèze would not include the village name of Gevrey-Chambertin, where it is situated. These are as follows:
Gevrey-Chambertin: Chambertin, Chambertin Clos de Bèze, Charmes-Chambertin, Chapelle-Chambertin, Griotte- Chambertin, Latricières-Chambertin, Mazis-Chambertin, Ruchottes-Chambertin.
Morey-St-Denis: Bonnes Mares, Clos Saint-Denis, Clos de Tart, Clos de la Roche, Clos des Lambrays.
Chambolle-Musigny: Musigny, Bonnes Mares.
Vougeot: Clos de Vougeot.
Vosne-Romanée: La Romanée, La Tâche, Richebourg, Romanée-Conti, Romanée-St-Vivant, La Grande Rue.
Flagey-Echézeaux: Grands-Echézeaux, Echézeaux.
The Grand Cru Bonnes Mares straddles the villages of Morey-St-Denis and Chambole-Musigny. Nuits-St-Georges has no Grands Crus.
Premiers Crus: These are too numerous to name here. As with Chablis, a wine blended from several such sites will be labelled as Premier Cru, whereas a wine from an individual vineyard will bear the vineyard name, eg. Gevrey-Chambertin Premier Cru Clos Saint-Jacques.
Village Wines: The villages of the Côte de Nuits are Marsannay (La-Côte), Fixin, Gevrey-Chambertin, Morey-St-Denis, Chambolle Musigny, Vougeot (although anything other than Grand Cru Clos de Vougeot is rare), Vosne-Romanée and Nuits-St-Georges. Village wines from Flagey-Echézeaux are sold under the Vosne-Romanée appellation.
Sub-Village Appellations: These include Côte de Nuits Villages (may be applied to wine from Corgoloin, Comblanchien, Prémeaux, Brochon, and declassified wine from Fixin), Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits (applies to a large number of communes to the west of the Côte d'Or), and basic Bourgogne.

BURGUNDY WINES - BEAUJOLAIS

The Beaujolais is a French AOC wine, almost all Beaujolais wines are reds of the Gamay grape but like most AOC wines are not labelled varietally. Whites from the region, which make up only 1% of its production, are made with Chardonnay grapes. Beaujolais tends to be a very light bodied red wine, with relatively high amounts of acidity which makes it less a casual sipping wine and one more suited to food.
Most Beaujolais should be drunk within the first three years of its life. Only the best examples of the ten "crus" listed below - and produced by the best vintners - improve with age for up to ten years.
Wines labeled simply "Beaujolais" account for 50% of the production. Beaujolais Villages makes up 25% of the region's production, and comes from better vineyard sites in and around the ten "crus" in the north part of Beaujolais. Wine from these individual crus, which make up the balance, can be more full-bodied, darker in color, and significantly longer lived. Unfortunately for the unknowing wine drinker, these wines do not usually use the word "Beaujolais" on the label, leaving one with little recourse but to memorize the list. The ten crus are: Morgon, Moulin-à-Vent, Brouilly, Côte de Brouilly, Saint-Amour, Chiroubles, Chénas, Fleurie, Juliénas, and most recently, Régnié.
By far, the largest production comes from the négoçiant Georges Duboeuf, who makes the well-known "flower labels".

Tourism
Some of the major tourist attractions are the Gothic abbey church of Saint-Seine-l'Abbaye and the Romanesque abbey church at Saulieu, as well the Château de Bussy Rabutin at Bussy-le-Grand. The Abbey of Cîteaux, headquarters of the Cistercian Order, lies to the east of Nuits-Saint-Georges in the south of the département.

BURGUNDY WINES - COTE D'OR

The département is part of the current région of Bourgogne. It is surrounded by the départements of Yonne, Nièvre, Saône-et-Loire, Jura, Aube, and Haute-Marne.
A chain of hills called the Plateau de Langres runs from north-east to south-west through the département to the north of Dijon and continues south-westwards as the Côte d'Or escarpment, after which the département is named. It is the south-east facing slope of the escarpment which is the site of the celebrated Burgundy vineyards. To the west of the Plateau de Langres, towards Champagne, lies the densely wooded district of Châtillonais. To the south-east of the plateau and escarpment, the département lies in the broad, flat-bottomed valley of the middle course of the Saône.
Rivers include:
* The Saône 
* The Seine rises in he southern end of the Plateau de Langres. 
* The Ouche rises on the dip slope of the escarpment and flows to the Saône via Dijon. 
* The Armançon rises on the dip slope of the escarpment and flows north-westward. 
* The Arroux rises on the dip slope of the escarpment at the southern end of the département. 
Climate
The climate of the département is temperate, with abundant rain on the west side of the central range.
Beaujolais
Beaujolais is a historical province and a wine-producing region in France. It is now part of the Burgundy région for administrative purposes. The region is known internationally for its long tradition of winemaking, and more recently for the enormously popular Beaujolais nouveau.

BURGUNDY WINES - THE GEOGRAPHY

Highest point: Haut-Folin (901m) in the Morvan. The Canal of Burgundy joins the Rivers Yonne and Saône, allowing barges to navigate from the north to south of France. Construction began in 1765 and was completed in 1832. At the summit there is a tunnel 3.333 kilometers long in a straight line. The canal is 242 kilometers long, with a total 209 locks and crosses two counties of Burgundy, the Yonne and Cote d'Or. The canal is now mostly used for riverboat tourism; Dijon, the most important city along the canal, has a harbor for leisure boats.

BURGUNDY WINES - THE WINE

Chardonnay vineyards in the south of the Côte de Beaune surrounding the town of Meursault. 
Burgundy (Bourgogne in French) is the name given to certain wines made in the Burgundy region of France.
Red Burgundy wines are usually made with the Pinot Noir grape, and white Burgundy wines are usually made with Chardonnay grapes, as dictated by the AOC. Geographically, the wine region starts just south of Dijon and runs southward to just short of the city of Lyon. The area of Chablis stands on its own to the west of Dijon, about as close to Paris as it is to the heart of Burgundy. The main wine regions in Burgundy proper (those that are entitled to the AOC Bourgogne designation) are the Côte de Nuits, Côte de Beaune - which collectively are known as the Côte d'Or - and further south the Côte Chalonnaise. Also viticulturally part of Burgundy are Beaujolais, Chablis, and Mâcon, and they show some similarity. However, a wine from one of these regions would rarely be referred to as a "Burgundy."
Burgundy is home to some of the most sought-after wines in the world, and the most expensive, including those of Domaine de la Romanée Conti. Burgundy is in some ways the most terroir-oriented region on the planet; immense attention is paid to the area of origin, and in which of the region's 400 types of soil a wine's grapes are grown. It has a carefully demarcated quality hierarchy: the grand crus are at the top, followed by premier crus, then village, and finally generic Bourgogne. Bourgogne is where grapes other than Chardonnay and Pinot Noir begin to be introduced, allowing pinot blanc and Pinot Gris, two Pinot Noir mutations that were traditionally grown and now are in decline in the area. Other Burgundy AOCs that are not as often seen are Bourgogne Passetoutgrains (which can contain up to two thirds Gamay (the grape of Beaujolais) in addition to Pinot Noir), Bourgogne Aligoté (which is primarily made with the Aligoté grape), and Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire. The latter is the lowest AOC, and Grand definitely refers to the size of the area eligible to produce it, not its quality. There are certain regions that are allowed to put other grapes in miscellaneous AOCs, but for the most part these rules hold.
From about the year 900 up to the French Revolution, the vineyards of Burgundy were owned by the Church. After the revolution, the vineyards were broken up and sold to the workers who had tended them. The Napoleonic inheritance laws resulted in the continued subdivision of the most precious vineyard holdings, so that some growers hold only a row or two of vines. This led to the emergence of négociants who aggregate the produce of many growers to produce a single wine. It has also led to a profusion of increasingly small family-owned wineries, exemplified by the dozen plus "Gros" family domaines.

BURGUNDY WINES - THE HISTORY

The Burgundians were one of the Germanic peoples who filled the power vacuum left by the collapse of the western half of the Roman empire. In 411, they crossed the Rhine and established a kingdom at Worms. Amidst repeated clashes between the Romans and Huns, the Burgundian kingdom eventually occupied what is today the borderlands between Switzerland, France, and Italy. In 534, the Franks defeated Godomar, the last Burgundian king, and absorbed the territory into their growing empire.
Its modern existence is rooted in the dissolution of the Frankish empire. When the dynastic dust had settled in 880s, there were three Burgundies: the kingdom of Upper Burgundy around Lake Geneva, the kingdom of Lower Burgundy in Provence, and the duchy of Burgundy in France. The two kingdoms of Burgundy were reunited in 937 and absorbed into the Holy Roman Empire under Conrad II in 1032, while the duchy of Burgundy was annexed by the French throne in 1004.
During the Middle Ages, Burgundy was the seat of some of the most important Western churches and monasteries, among them Cluny, Citeaux, and Vézelay.
During the Hundred Years' War, King Jean II of France gave the duchy to his younger son, rather than leaving it to his successor on the throne. The duchy soon became a major rival to the French throne, because the Dukes of Burgundy succeeded in assembling an empire stretching from Switzerland to the North Sea, mostly by marriage. The Burgundian Empire consisted of a number of fiefdoms on both sides of the (then largely symbolical) border between the French kingdom and the German Empire. Its economic heartland was in the Low Countries, particularly Flanders and Brabant. The court in Dijon outshone the French court by far both economically and culturally.
In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Burgundy provided a power base for the rise of the Habsburgs, after Maximilian of Austria had married into the ducal family. In 1477 the last duke Charles the Bold was killed in battle and Burgundy itself taken back by France. His daughter Mary and her husband Maximillian moved the court to Brussels and ruled the remnants of the empire (the Low Countries and Franche-Comté, then still a German fief) from there.

Saturday, November 8, 2014

Made in "Sparkling" India

Moet-Hennessy has launched a new line of sparkling wine grown and produced in India in a bid to create a new “consumption culture” among young, affluent and sophisticated Indians. 

The French wines and spirits house is launching an aggressive marketing campaign for ‘Chandon Nashik’ in a country where wine consumption is still low and the potential for growth very high, said Mark Bedingham of Moet-Hennessy Asia Pacific, in an interview with Harpers.co.uk.

Produced in the Nashik region of western India, the home-grown bubbly benefits from the drier, more moderate temperatures of the area which is located inland and at a higher altitude, he told the publication.
The Chandon Brut is a mix of Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir and is described as having a fresh aroma and “subtle complexity.” The Rosé, made from Shiraz, is ripe with red fruit aromas and a full flavoured palate.

The luxury brand’s marketing strategy, meanwhile, is to catch both the demographic and the wine market while they’re still young. That means engendering brand loyalty among young, cosmopolitan and social Indian consumers while the wine-sipping culture is just beginning to find its feet.

Chandon Nashik India is rolling out in wine shops, restaurants, bars, hotels and nightclubs across the country


Friday, November 7, 2014

Food & Wine Pairing Guidelines

Pairing guidelines


Food and wine are intrinsically linked so choose a wine that complements the meal and brings out the best in the food’s flavors. The guidelines below will steer you in the right direction.

Pair wines and foods of the same flavors
Similar food and wine flavors complement each other. Sole with lemon sauce and Sauvignon Blanc both have citrus flavors.

Pair wines and foods with the same weight/texture
Similarly weighted food and wine complement each other. Food and wine can be light, medium or heavy-bodied. Lobster and Chardonnay are both medium-weight and rich so they complement each other.

Pair wines and foods with the same sweetness level
Wine should be equal to or higher in sugar than the dish. Roasted pork with apple glaze pairs beautifully with Riesling.

Salt
Crisp wines balance salty flavors. A crisp Sauvignon Blanc balances salty olives and feta cheese.

Sauces
Pair the wine to the sauce served.
-Light citrus sauces pair with Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay.
-Heavy cream and mushroom sauces are ideal with Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
-Red and meat sauces match Merlot, Cabernet and Syrah.

Protein
Match wine to meat, fish or poultry when serving without a sauce. Pinot Noir tastes great with duck.

Spicy Food
Sweeter wines offer relief from spicy foods. Riesling pairs well with Asian cuisines.

Tannins
Tannic wines such as Cabernet Sauvignon cut through the coating that fat leaves in the mouth. Cabernet pairs great with steak.

Color
Nature has color-coded fruit and vegetables with the wine best suited to their flavors. Sauvignon Blanc is pale yellow and pairs well with citrus.

Acid
Wine should be equal to, or higher, in acid than the dish. A perfect example is pairing Pinot Noir with tomato tapenade.



CHAMPAGNE COUPE MOULDED FROM KATE MOSS’S BREAST LAUNCHED

English supermodel Kate Moss’s left breast has been immortalised in a Champagne coupe designed by painter Lucian Freud’s daughter.

Taking Marie Antoinette as her inspiration, whose left breast was said to have served as the model for the first Champagne coupe in the late-18th century, British artist Jane McAdam Freud crafted the coupe from a mould of Moss’s left breast.

The glass has an elongated, slender stem, while the outside of the bowl features an intricate Art Deco-inspired pattern and the base bears the model’s signature.

“I was excited to participate in this project – what an honour to be alongside Marie Antoinette, she was a very intriguing and mischievous character,” Moss said.

“Champagne is always associated with celebration and happy occasions and I had fun creating this beautiful coupe,” she added.

McAdam Freud was commissioned by 34 Restaurant in London’s Mayfair to create the coupe in honour of Moss’s 40th birthday and to mark her 25-year milestone in the fashion business.

The second release of the Champagne house’s 1998 vintage will be paired to a “seasonal menu” created by 34’s head chef, Harvey Ayliffe.

The coupes will be in use at 34 and sister Caprice Holdings restaurants The Ivy, Daphne’s and Scott’s, all of which are owned by restaurateur Richard Caring.

Moss is no stranger to artistic collaborations – she posed for late painter Lucian Freud in 2003 while pregnant with her daughter Lila Grace.

Three years later Moss modelled for sculptor Marc Quinn on Sphinx, a life-sized sculpture of Moss in a yoga position with her hands and feet behind her head.

This is also not the first reinterpretation of the Marie Antoinette coupe. In 2008 Chanel’s creative director Karl Lagerfeld collaborated with Dom Pérignon on a Champagne coupe inspired by his muse, Claudia Schiffer’s bosom.

Sold with bottles of 1995 Oenothèque, the coupes cost £2,123.

Courtesy:http://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/

Wednesday, September 24, 2014

The World of Wine & Spirits




FOOD AND ACCOMPANIMENTS

Food & Accompaniments Presentation Transcript Food & Accompaniments Accompaniments are highly flavoured seasonings of various kinds offered with certain dishes. The object of offering accompaniments with dishes is to improve the flavour of the food or to counteract its richness or texture. HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES HORSD’OEUVR’ES HOR SD’OEUVRES GRAPEFRUIT COCKTAIL: SERVED WITH: CASTOR SUGAR HORSD’OEUVR’ES HOR SD’OEUVRES TOMATO JUICE: SERVED WITH: WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE HORSD’OEUVR’ES HOR SD’OEUVRES OYSTERS : SERVED WITH: CAYENNE PEPPER PEPPER MILL CHILLI VINEGAR TABASCO SAUCE LEMON WEDGE BROWN BREAD & BUTTER SNAILS : SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES SHRIMPS: SERVED WITH: CAYENNE PEPPER PEPPER MILL LEMON WEDGES HOT BREAKFAST TOAST HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES HAM MOUSSE: SERVED WITH: HOT BREAKFAST TOAST HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES GULL’S EGG SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER ORIENTAL SALT HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES SMOKED SALMON SERVED WITH: CAYENNE PEPPER PEPPER MILL LEMON WEDGE BROWN BREAD & BUTTER HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES ASPARAGUS: SERVED WITH: HOLLANDAISE SAUCE (IF HOT) VINAIGRETTE (IF COLD) HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES GLOBE ARTICHOKE HOLLANDAISE SAUCE (IF HOT) VINAIGRETTE (IF COLD) HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES CORN ON THE COB SERVED WITH: BEURRE FONDUE HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES FRESH PRAWNS SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER MAYONNAISE SAUCE HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES CHILLED MELON SERVED WITH: GROUND GINGER CASTOR SUGAR HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES AVACADO SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES SHELLFISH COCKTAIL SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER HORSD’OEUVRES HOR SD’OEUVRES SOUP CRÈME DE TOMATE SERVED WITH: CROUTONS CONSOMME SERVED WITH: DEPENDING ON GARNISH FRENCH ONION SOUP SERVED WITH: GRATED PARMESAN CHEESE GRILLED FLUTES PETITE MARMITE SERVED WITH: GRATED PARMESAN CHEESE GRILLED FLUTES POACHED BONE MARROW POTAGE GERMINY SERVED WITH: CHEESE STRAWS BOUILLABASSE SERVED WITH: THIN SLICES OF FRENCH BREAD DIPPED IN OIL AND GRILLED BORTSCH SERVED WITH: SOUR CREAM BEETROOT JUICE BOUCHEES FILLED WITH DUCK PASTE TURTLE SOUP SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER SEGMENTS OF LEMON CHEESE STRAWS MEASURE OF SHERRY FISH & SEA FOOD FRIED FISH SERVED WITH: SEGMENTS OF LEMON, SAUCES: TARTARE, REMOULADE, GRIBICHE GRILLED FISH SERVED WITH: SEGMENTS OF LEMON, COLD SAUCES: TARTARE, REMOULADE, GRIBICHE HOT SAUCES: BEARNAISE, TYROLIENNE POACHED FISH SERVED WITH: SEGMENTS OF LEMON, COLD SAUCES: TARTARE, REMOULADE, GRIBICHE HOT SAUCES: HOLLANDAISE, MOUSSELINE GRILLED HERRING SERVED WITH: MUSTARD SAUCE POACHED SALMON SERVED WITH: HOLLANDAISE SAUCE MOUSSELINE SAUCE MUSSELS SERVED WITH: BROWN BREAD & BUTTER, CAYENNE PEPPER CRAWFISH SERVED WITH: MAYONNAISE SAUCE COLD LOBSTER SERVED WITH: MAYONNAISE SAUCE FARINACEOUS SPAGHETTI SERVED WITH: GRATED PARMESAN CHEESE MEAT CURRY SERVED WITH: POPPADAMS, PAN CAKES ROAST BEEF SERVED WITH: ENGLISH/FRENCH MUSTARD, HORSERADISH SAUCE, YORKSHIRE PUDDING, ROAST GRAVY ROAST LAMB SERVED WITH: MINT SAUCE. ROAST GRAVY ROAST PORK SERVED WITH: SAGE & ONION STUFFING, APPLE SAUCE, ROAST GRAVY BOILED MUTTON SERVED WITH: CAPER SAUCE SALTED BEEF SERVED WITH: TURNED ROOT VEGETABLES, DUMPLINGS, NATURAL COOKING LIQUOR BOILED FRESH BEEF SERVED WITH: TURNED ROOT VEGETABLES, NATURAL COOKING LIQUOR, ROCK SALT, GHERKINS CALF’S HEAD SERVED WITH: BOILED BACON, PARSLEY SAUCE, BRAIN SAUCE, SAUCE VINAIGRETTE GRILLED STEAKS SERVED WITH: FRENCH/ENGLISH MUSTARD, BEURRE MAITRE D’HOTEL, POMMES PAILLE (STRAW POTATOES), WATERCRESS IRISH STEW SERVED WITH: WORCESTER SAUCE, PICKLED RED CABBAGE POULTRY CHICKEN SERVED WITH: BREAD SAUCE, ROAST GRAVY, PARSLEY & THYME STUFING, BACON ROLLS, GAME CHIPS, WATERCRESS ROAST TURKEY SERVED WITH: CRANBERRY SAUCE, BREAD SAUCE, CHESTNUT STUFFING, CHIPOLATA, GAME CHIPS, WATERCRESS, ROAST GRAVY GOOSE SERVED WITH: SAGE & ONION STUFFING, APPLE SAUCE, ROAST GRAVY WILD DUCK SERVED WITH: ORANGE SALAD, ACIDULATED CREAM DRESSING DUCK SERVED WITH: ONION & SAGE STUFFING, APPLE SAUCE, WATERCRESS, ROAST GRAVY GAME HARE SERVED WITH: HEART SHAPED CROUTES FORCEMEAT BALLS RED CURRANT JELLY VENISON SERVED WITH: CUCUMBERLAND SAUCE, REDCURRANT JELLY PARTRIDGE SERVED WITH : FRIED BREAD CRUMBS GROUSE SERVED WITH: HOT LIVER PASTE SPREAD ON A CROUTE PHEASANT SERVED WITH: BREAD SAUCE, GAME CHIPS, WATERCRESS, ROAST GRAVY

RESTAURANT EQUIPMENTS




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Restaurant Equipments Presentation Transcript FOOD & BEVERAGE SERVICES CLASSIFICATION OF RESTAURANT EQUIPMENTS FURNITURE TABLES CHAIRS SIDE BOARD BAR COUNTER FIXTURES PAINTINGS PELMETS CHANDELIERS LINEN 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. TABLE COVER 2. NAPPERON 3. CHAIR COVER 4. HOOD 5. BOW 6. NAPKINS CUTLERY & FLATWARE CUTLERY & FLATWARE CUTLERY & FLATWARE CUTLERY & FLATWARE CROCKERY CROCKERY HOLLOWARE CHAFFING DISHES TONGS SPECIAL EQUIPMENTS LOBSTER CRACKER LOBSTER PICK NUT CRACKER SNAIL TONGS SNAIL DISH ICE CREAM SCOOPS SKEWERS ASPARAGUS HOLDER CORN ON THE COB HOLDER GATEAU SLICE OYSTER FORK Champagne Chiller Ice Buckets with tong GLASSWARE Hi Ball Tom Collins Red Wine Glass White Wine Glass Water Goblet Shot Glass Cocktail / Martini Glass Beer Goblet Beer Mug Beer Tankard Pilsner Glass Brandy Goblet/Balloon/Snifter Champagne Saucer Champagne Tulip Champagne Flute Old Fashioned Roly Poly WINE GLASSES Machines & Other Equipments Ice Cube Making Machine Traulson Refrigerator Juicer Mixer Grinder 3 Sink Unit Dish Washer Plate Warmer/Hot Plate TROLLEYS Room Service Trolley Gueridon Trolley Cheese Trolley Dessert Trolley Carving Trolley Wine Trolley Liqueur Trolley Mobile Wine Bar

ICE CREAMS

Ice cream Presentation Transcript ICE CREAMS Ice cream, or iced cream as it was originally called, was once narrowly defined as a luxury dessert made of cream, sugar, and sometimes fruit congealed over ice. But today it is an universally cherished favorite dish. The wide variety of ice creams and their varying cost ranging from low to high has made it delightful dish. Our affection with ice cream is centuries old. The ancient Greeks, Romans, and Jews were known to chill wines and juices. This practice evolved into fruit ices and, eventually, frozen milk and cream mixtures. The Italians were especially fond of the frozen confection that by the sixteenth century was being called ice cream. Ice cream is a frozen dessert made from dairy products, s u c h a s milk a n d cream, combined with flavorings a n d sweeteners, such as sugar. This mixture is stirred slowly while cooling to prevent large ice crystals from forming, which results in a smoothly textured ice cream. These ingredients, along with air incorporated during the stirring process (technically called overrun), make up ice cream. Although the term "ice cream" is sometimes used to mean frozen desserts and snacks in general, frozen custard, frozen yogurt, sorbet, gelato, and other similar products are sometimes informally called ice cream. Ice cream comes in a wide variety of flavors, often with additives such as chocolate flakes or chips, ribbons of sauce such as caramel or chocolate, nuts, fruit, and small candies / sweets. Some of the most popular ice cream flavors are vanilla, chocolate, strawberry, and Neapolitan (a combination of the three). Many people also enjoy ice cream sundaes, which often have ice cream, hot fudge, nuts, whipped cream, maraschino cherries or a variety of other toppings. Other toppings include cookie crumbs, butterscotch, sprinkles, banana sauce, marshmallows or different varieties of candy. Ice cream is generally served as a chilled product. It may also be found in dishes where the coldness of the ice cream is used as a temperature contrast, for example, as a topping on warm desserts, or even in fried ice cream. Some commercial institutions such as creameries specialize in serving ice cream and products that are related. ICE CREAM PRODUCTION Today’s ice creams are made by slowly churning a mixture of milk or cream, eggs, sugar, and flavorings (such as fruit, chocolate, or nuts) at freezing temperatures until the mixture transforms into a smoothly textured mass of tiny ice crystals. There are two basic varieties of ice cream: i) French-style or custard-based : These types of ice cream are very rich and smooth. They are made by incorporating egg yolks and sugar into cream and/or milk before churning. ii) Philadelphia-style : This ice cream contains no eggs and is made simply by mixing together milk or cream with sugar. This process yields a less rich ice cream that is firmer and chewier than French-style ice cream. TYPES OF ICE CREAMS Premium Ice cream generally has between 11% and 15% butterfat and 60% to 90% overrun , which is the air that is pumped into the ice cream. This creates a denser, heavier, creamier, richer and more caloric product than regular ice cream, and is reflected in the price. Super premium ice cream has even more butterfat— greater than 14%, with some having up to 18% and more—and less overrun, from as low as 20% up to 80%. Premium and super premium ice creams come in more complex flavors in addition to the basic ones. The super premium ice cream producers category includes smaller companies that make interesting gourmet” flavors. In addition to lower overrun and greater butterfat, the third way in which a super premium ice cream can be made richer is by using an egg custard base, which is known as French or French-style ice cream . Regular Ice cream is less dense: it contains 10% to 11% butterfat and more air, 90% to 100% overrun. It is usually sold in the more standard flavors, since the addition of ingredients of fancy flavors add to the cost escalation. Some people prefer the texture and lesser degree of richness, and prefer it in milkshakes where the subtlety of the richer ice cream can be lost (or is overkill). Economy Ice cream contains exactly 10% butterfat - the minimum USDA standard, and 95% to 100% overrun. It is made in basic flavors. Light Ice cream means that there is either 50% less fat or 33% fewer calories than the company’s standard ice cream. Read the labels carefully: the “light” ice creams of a superpremium brand often have more calories than the “regular” ice cream of other brands. Low fat Ice cream has 25% less fat than the company’s regular ice cream. Similar to the light ice cream analogy above, it can contain more calories than a regular ice cream of another brand. ASSORTMENT OF ICE CREAMS 1. Ice Cream Cake can take two forms. It is a three layer ice cream in the shape of a cake, often with cookie crumbs or other small representation of “cake”; or layers of ice cream and cake. In the latter, it is up to the cake maker to decide as to whether the middle layer is the ice cream or the cake. 2. Ice Milk is a low butterfat variation of ice cream, which due to advances in food technology over the last 20 years, has all but disappeared as a term, replaced by reduced fat ice cream. 3. Italian Ice is a smooth water ice, similar to a sorbet but generally a sweeter, snack product rather than a more refined dessert product. It is so-called because it is served in pizzerias and Italian ice shops, as well as by street vendors. Popular flavors include cherry, coconut, lemon and “rainbow ice.” 4. Kulfi is a dense Indian ice cream made with water buffalo’s milk and flavorings like cardamom, chikoo, coconut, malai (milk cream), almond, mango, pistachio and saffron. Kulfi is also never made with eggs, like French ice cream. It is prepared by simply boiling milk until it is reduced to half the original volume; then sugar and a teaspoon of corn syrup are added and the mixture is boiled for 10 more minutes. Water is mixed in until it thickens into a paste and is boiled a while longer. Finally, flavorings, dried fruits or cardamom are added. The mixture is cooled, put into molds and frozen. 5. Parfait , the French word for “perfect,” is originally the French sundae, generally served with fruit purée. In America, it became a particular type of sundae, with syrup and ice cream layered in a tall glass, topped with whipped cream. 6. Novelties are single-serving frozen treats such as ice cream bars, popsicles and sandwiches. 7. Semifreddo , means “half cold” in Italian, which refers to a class of semi-frozen desserts - semi-frozen custards, ice cream cakes and tarts. 8. Sherbet is a fruit-based product like sorbet, with milk added to provide creaminess. By law, sherbet can contain no more than 2% milkfat, and ranges from 1% to 2%. The milk makes it a slightly heavier product than sorbet. 9. Sorbet (the French word—in Italian, it’s sorbetto ) is a frozen dessert generally made from fruit purée or fruit juice; it can incorporate other flavorings including herbs and liqueurs. Unlike sherbet, sorbet contains no milk; some sorbet recipes also use egg whites. 10. Snow Cone , generally served in a paper cone or cup and is made of compacted shaved ice flavored with a choice of bright-colored sugary syrups, usually fruit-flavored (apple, banana, cantaloupe, cherry, colada, grape, kiwi, lemon, lime, mango, orange, peach, pineapple, raspberry, strawberry) but also spice (cinnamon) and pop flavors like bubblegum and cola. Snow cones served in a cup are eaten with a spoon; those in a paper cone are eaten like an ice cream cone. Interestingly, snow cones are the descendents of the original “ice cream,” which was snow flavored with fruit juice, created 4,000 years ago by the Chinese and learned through trade routes by the Persians 2,500 years ago. 11. Spumoni is a Neapolitan specialty where layers of three different colored and flavored ice creams: chocolate, pistachio and cherry are a popular combination. Or, more basic flavors can be used, with nuts and candied fruit added to the layers. 12. Sundae , a name invented in America consists of one or more scoops of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup (generally butterscotch, caramel, chocolate or strawberry). Chopped nuts and whipped cream is generally added, and a maraschino cherry is placed on top. There are endless creative riffs on the sundae, incorporating fruit, cookies, candy, cake, marshmallow creme, peanut butter sauce, sprinkles / jimmies, and ingredients too numerous to list. 13. Tartufo , the Italian word for truffle, is a ball of vanilla ice cream, often with a cherry and nuts in the center, enrobed in chocolate. The ice cream version appeared around the Victorian era, when the molding of ice cream into flowers, fruits, and other shapes became popular. 14. Gelato is Italian ice cream made from milk and sugar, combined with other flavorings. The gelato ingredients (after an optional pasteurization) are frozen while stirring to break up ice crystals as they form. Like high-end ice cream, gelato generally has less than 35% air, resulting in a dense and extremely flavourful product. Gelato is typically made with fresh fruit or other ingredients such as chocolate (pure chocolate, flakes, chips, etc.), nuts, small confections or cookies, or biscuits. 15. Ais kacang or ice kacang is a dessert served in Malaysia and Singapore. It is also popularly known as air batu campur in Malay or ABC for short. It is sweet-tasting and is primarily crushed or shaved ice served with sweet flavoured syrup and jelly. The word Kacang is a Malay word for bean, and the word "ais" is a transliteration of the English term "ice". Formerly, it was made of only shaved ice and cooked red beans. Several varieties have also been introduced which contain aloe vera in some form or another, such as in jelly form. Evaporated (condenced) milk is drizzled over the mountain of ice. 16. Ice pop is a frozen water dessert on a stick that is colored and flavored. It is made by freezing colored, flavored liquid (such as fruit juice) around a stick. Once solid, the stick is then used as a handle to hold the ice pop. 17. Frozen Custard or Soft-Serve Ice Cream is ice cream served at a warmer temperature from a machine that extrudes the ice cream into soft, swirled peaks. Frozen yogurt is also available in soft-serve form. With both ice cream and frozen custard, the ingredients are mixed at 21°F; then the ice cream goes into a hardening room where it becomes rock-solid at -40°F. Soft ice cream leaves off this last step. Frozen custard is perceived as tastier because it is warmer and doesn’t numb the taste buds. What we know today as “soft serve” or “frozen custard” was originally regular “French” ice cream or “ glace.” Over time, the hard ice cream became known as “ French” ice cream, and “frozen custard” became the term used for the soft-serve ice creams, which once did use a custard ice cream base. 18. Frozen Yogurt is made of low-fat or no-fat yogurt, sweetener, gelatin, corn syrup, coloring, and flavoring, churned in an ice cream machine. It can be found softserve or hard-packed. It both freezes and melts much more slowly than ice cream, since yogurt has a much higher freezing and melting point than milk. 19. Glace (pronounced GLAHS) is French-style ice cream, also called frozen custard, made from rich milk-andcream- based custard that includes eggs. Not to be confused with soft-serve ice cream called frozen custard, which may or may not have an egg-custard base. 20. Granita (pronounced grah-nee-TAH, or granité, grahnee- TAY, in French) is a semi-frozen dessert that is made with the same ingredients as sorbet—sugar, water and a flavoring, in this case a liquid such as fruit juice, coffee or wine. Unlike sorbet, granita is not churned in a freezing machine, but is poured into a large pan, placed in the freezer, and the frozen crystals are scraped from the top of the pan every 30 minutes or so. It thus yields large, frozen flakes, a crystalline appearance and a crunchy texture. Granita also has less sugar than sorbet or sherbet SERVING ICE CREAM 1. The ideal serving temperature for ice cream and other frozen desserts is 6–10°F, yet most home freezers are set to 0°F. When you serve frozen desserts straight from the freezer, they’re too cold to allow your taste buds to experience their full spectrum of flavors. 2. "Temper" ice cream before you scoop - leave it at room temperature for 8-10 minutes before serving. Return ice cream to the freezer immediately after it has been served to minimize the formation of ice crystals. 3. Serve ice cream in chilled bowls, preferably glass. Not only is the frosted bowl refreshing to look at, but the ice cream will retain its shape longer. 4. Scooping ice cream: Have a large Pyrex measuring cup or other heat proof container filled with just boiling water standing by. Dip the metal scoop into the hot water, let it heat up for a moment, and then DRY the scoop on a towel. Quickly drag the hot scoop across the ice cream creating tight rolls of the divine stuff. Do not smash the ice cream with the scoop. Repeat the process for each serving. 5. To store opened ice cream, first place a piece of plastic wrap on the surface and smooth it down lightly with your fingers. Then close the lid securely and return to the depths of your freezer. ICE CREAM SCOOPS · Solid scoops: These use a thin leading edge to help you push through firm ice cream. Many have handles filled with an anti-freezing fluid that keeps the scoop warmer than the ice cream. · Spring-loaded scoops: These have a strip of metal or plastic that sweeps across the inner surface of the scoop, helping to ease the ice cream out of the scoop. Some models have a button on the back that pushes the ice cream straight out of the scoop. · Spades: These are ideal if worked with ice cream on a flat surface and folding ingredients into it. A spade is useless if one needs to scoop ice cream out of small containers. STORING ICE CREAMS 1. Every time you remove ice cream from the freezer, some of its small ice crystals melt. When you return the container to the freezer, that melted liquid refreezes and clings to existing crystals, making the ice cream grainier and grainier each time you remove it. Though this problem is unavoidable, you can minimize it by dividing your freshly churned ice cream into a number of small containers so that each container spends as little time outside the freezer as possible. 2. Foods that contain fat—including ice cream, gelato, sherbet, and frozen yogurt—are prone to picking up odors from nearby foods in the freezer if they’re not sealed and stored properly. Protect your ice cream from unwanted odors by draping a layer of plastic wrap or wax paper over the top of your storage container before covering it with the lid.

From where we get the flavours of chocolate, vanilla, fruits, berries, caramel, herbs etc. in the wines and Whiskies?

  The flavors in wines and whiskies come from a combination of factors including the ingredients used, the production process, aging, and so...